"Researchers find major storage capacity in metal-free aqueous batteries" https://www.inceptivemind.com/researchers-finds-major-storag... :
"The role of the electrolyte in non-conjugated radical polymers for metal-free aqueous energy storage electrodes." (2023) DOI: 10.1038/s41563-023-01518-z
"A sustainable battery with a biodegradable electrolyte made from crab shells" (2022) https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2022/09/220901135827.h... :
"A sustainable chitosan-zinc electrolyte for high-rate zinc-metal batteries" (2022) http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matt.2022.07.015
Chitosan https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chitosan :
> Chitosan /ˈkaɪtəsæn/ is a linear polysaccharide composed of randomly distributed β-(1→4)-linked D-glucosamine (deacetylated unit) and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (acetylated unit). It is made by treating the chitin shells of shrimp and other crustaceans with an alkaline substance, such as sodium hydroxide.
Is there a sustainable way to produce Chitosan, which is an electrolyte?
https://westurner.github.io/hnlog/ Ctrl-F "anode" :
> Here's a discussion about the lower costs of hemp supercapacitors as compared with graphene super capacitors: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=16814022
"Why Salt Water may be the Future of Batteries" https://youtu.be/vm2hNNA4lvM ($5/kwh, energy density, desalinization too, graphene production too)
Flow battery > Other types > Membraneless https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flow_battery#Other_types